تويت
In the Name of Allah, the Most Compassionate, the Most Merciful
“Read in the Name of your Lord who created;
created man from a clinging substance.
Read, and your Lord is the Most Generous,
who taught by the pen,
taught man what he did not know.”
(Qurʾān, al-ʿAlaq 96:1–5)
“Read in the Name of your Lord who created;
created man from a clinging substance.
Read, and your Lord is the Most Generous,
who taught by the pen,
taught man what he did not know.”
(Qurʾān, al-ʿAlaq 96:1–5)
These verses were revealed on the twenty-seventh day of the month of Rajab, on which Muslims celebrate the occasion of the Prophetic Mission (al-Mabʿath), as the beginning of a life of goodness and happiness for humankind on the face of the earth.
Thus, the Prophet was sent with the divine message, and a new stage of his noble life began. He was no longer only the righteous man who performed good deeds, fulfilled trusts, spoke the truth, and cared for relatives; rather, he became the bearer of glad tidings and the warner, carrying upon his shoulders the responsibility of leading humanity toward every good and protecting it from every evil.
With the mission, a new era also began for the Arabian Peninsula—and indeed for the entire world. The world would no longer remain dominated by injustice and darkness, evil and tyranny; instead, the gates of goodness would be opened, leading to the dominance of justice, light, virtue, and righteousness.
The Prophet returned to Mecca and informed Khadīja of what had occurred, relating the story to her, and she believed in him. He also told his cousin ʿAlī, who was then a young adolescent under the Prophet’s care, and he believed as well. Jaʿfar, ʿAlī’s brother, also believed. The Prophet (peace be upon him and his family) then publicly declared his mission when the following verse was revealed:
“O you who are wrapped up, arise and warn, and magnify your Lord.”
(Qurʾān, al-Muddaththir 74:1–3)
He began with his close relatives when another verse was revealed to him:
“And warn your nearest kindred.”
(Qurʾān, al-Shuʿarāʾ 26:214)
The Prophet (peace be upon him and his family) came and stood upon Mount Ṣafā and called out: “O morning alarm!”
Quraysh gathered around him and said, “What is the matter with you?”
He said, “If I were to tell you that an enemy would attack you in the morning or the evening, would you believe me?”
They said, “Yes.”
He said, “Then indeed I am a warner to you before a severe punishment.”
Abū Lahab—one of the Prophet’s uncles—stood up and said, “May you perish! Is it for this that you gathered us?”
He then addressed them again, saying: “O people! A scout does not lie to his people. Had I been a liar, I would not have lied to you. By Allah, besides whom there is no god, I am the Messenger of Allah to you in particular and to all people in general. By Allah, you will surely die just as you sleep, and you will surely be resurrected just as you awaken, and you will surely be called to account for what you do, and you will surely be recompensed—good for good and evil for evil. It is Paradise forever and Hell forever. And you are the first to be warned.”
However, the people’s response was no different from that of Abū Lahab. They turned away from him, mocked him, and ridiculed his call. As for the Prophet, he continued his mission by every possible means, until news of it spread throughout Mecca and its surroundings. His call reached some enlightened and virtuous souls who sought truth and goodness, so they believed in it and followed it. Yet the majority of those who followed him were from the poor class, who possessed neither benefit nor harm for themselves.
As for the leaders and nobles of Quraysh—the exploiters, the usurers, those whose interests were tied to idols and divining arrows, those with rigid minds and hardened hearts—they regarded this call as an evil that must be resisted and fought by every means. Thus, they did not merely refrain from accepting the message; rather, they adopted a hostile stance toward it and moved in a completely opposing front. Everyone who embraced Islam was met with repression and persecution, and they tried to force him back to their superstitious and trivial religion. How many open-hearted and enlightened individuals acknowledged the Prophet and were subjected to torture and abuse by Quraysh? How many slaves and bondwomen believed in the message and had their blood shed, dying as a sacrifice for their faith? This was ʿAmmār, whom they tortured and abused; this was Yāsir, his father; and this was Sumayya, his mother—whom they killed brutally.
The Prophet’s own share of this torture and harm was not small. Whenever he heard that someone had been tortured or harmed for the sake of his mission, he felt deep pain and sorrow, and his eyes would sometimes overflow with tears. In addition, Quraysh targeted the Prophet personally: Abū Lahab would throw stones at him; his wife would place thorns in the Prophet’s path; Abū Jahl would try to provoke him by throwing filth on his head while he was praying, or casting impurity into his food while he ate.
One of the unbelievers struck his noble head with a bow until blood flowed over his blessed face. Others would smear filth on his house or throw it into its courtyard.
Mockery, ridicule, and rebuke filled the mouths of the disbelievers, which they poured upon the Prophet repeatedly.
The Prophet (peace be upon him and his family) faced all of this with wise patience, the forbearance of a leader, and the calmness of a prophet. Whenever a group of disbelievers came to him, he received them with openness and invited them to the faith in the best manner. If they responded, that was good; otherwise, he would ask them to bring something like what he had brought of the Qurʾān, and he would recite to them:
“Say: If mankind and jinn were to gather together to produce the like of this Qurʾān, they could not produce the like of it, even if they were helpers to one another.”
(Qurʾān, al-Isrāʾ 17:88)
They would often mock and ridicule him and his call, yet he would admonish them and pray to Allah for their guidance without anger or agitation.
At times, he would travel among tribes and gatherings, calling people to their Lord. However, the disbelievers of Quraysh obstructed the progress of his call in two ways:
First: they would warn people not to be influenced by his message, saying, “This man is one of us—he is a sorcerer, a madman, or a liar.”
People would even place cotton in their ears so as not to hear the words of the Prophet (peace be upon him and his family).
Second: one of them would walk behind him, shouting that he was a liar, so that his words would not be heard and his call would not be answered.
When the disbelievers of Quraysh failed to halt the rapid spread and growing fame of the call through such opposition, they thought of adopting another approach to prevent people from Islam. They came to the Prophet (peace be upon him and his family) and said to him: “O Muḥammad, you have insulted the gods, ridiculed intellects, and divided the community. If you seek wealth, we will give it to you; if you seek honor, we will make you our leader; or if you suffer from an illness, we will cure you.”
He (peace be upon him and his family) replied:
“None of that is what Allah has sent me with to you as a messenger, nor what He has revealed of a Book. If you accept what I have brought, it will be your share in this world and the Hereafter; and if you reject it, I will remain patient until Allah judges between us.”
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