Although, while, however, despite
We can contrast two ideas or situations within a sentence with although:
Although the weather was very cold, we decided to go for walk
The government passed the new law although many people opposed it
Informally we can use though in the same way
Though the weather was very cold, we decided to go for a walk
The government passed the new law though many people opposed it
We can use while to contrast two aspects of the same thing or two similar things within a sentence
While I agree with the idea, I do not think it's very practical
Some of my friends have found work while others are still unemployed
(Al) though is also possible
When the contrast is expressed in a separate sentence, we use however
The government passed the new law. However, many people were against it
I agree with the idea. I do not think it is very practical, however
We use a comma to separate however from the rest of the sentence
Though can also go at the end of a separate sentence
I agree with the idea, I do not think it is very practical , though
Although is not possible here
We can use prepositions in spite of and despite with a noun (but not usually a personal pronoun) to express concession or contrast
In spite of / Despite the cold weather , we decide to go for a walk
The government passed the new law in spite of / despite the opposition
If we use these prepositions with a clause, we have to include the fact that. e.g: The government passed the new law in spite of /despite the fact that many people were against it